Xyoo 1880, tus kws tsim khoom Asmeskas Edison tau tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob DC loj hu ua "The Colossus", uas tau nthuav tawm ntawm Paris Exposition xyoo 1881.
Edison tus txiv ntawm hluav taws xob ncaj qha
Tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim kho lub cev muaj zog hluav taws xob kuj tseem tab tom ua. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub cev muaj zog yog ob lub luag haujlwm sib txawv ntawm tib lub tshuab. Siv nws ua lub cuab yeej tso zis tam sim no yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, thiab siv nws ua lub cuab yeej muab hluav taws xob yog lub cev muaj zog.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus no ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau ua pov thawj los ntawm txoj hmoo hauv xyoo 1873. Xyoo no, ntawm kev nthuav qhia kev lag luam hauv Vienna, ib tus neeg ua haujlwm tau ua yuam kev thiab txuas ib txoj hlua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob Gram uas khiav. Nws tau pom tias lub rotor ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv kev taw qhia thiab tam sim ntawd mus rau qhov rov qab. Kev taw qhia tig thiab dhau los ua lub cev muaj zog. Txij thaum ntawd los, tib neeg tau paub tias lub cev muaj zog DC tuaj yeem siv ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab qhov tshwm sim rov qab ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Qhov kev tshawb pom tsis tau xav txog no tau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev tsim thiab kev tsim khoom ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
Nrog rau kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev siv tshuab fais fab, kev tsim thiab kev tsim cov cav kuj tau zoo dua thiab zoo dua. Los ntawm xyoo 1890, DC motors muaj tag nrho cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov cav DC niaj hnub. Txawm hais tias DC motor tau siv dav thiab tau tsim cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntau hauv daim ntawv thov, nws tus kheej qhov tsis zoo txwv nws txoj kev loj hlob ntxiv. Ntawd yog, nws tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob ntev, thiab nws tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev hloov pauv hluav taws xob, yog li AC motors tau tsim kho sai.
Thaum lub sijhawm no, ob-theem motors thiab peb-theem motors tau tawm los ib qho tom qab ib qho. Xyoo 1885, tus kws tshawb fawb Italian Galileo Ferraris tau tawm tswv yim lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib hloov magnetic teb thiab tsim ib qho qauv ob-theem asynchronous motor. Xyoo 1886, Nikola Tesla, uas tau tsiv mus rau Tebchaws Meskas, kuj tau tsim ib qho ob-theem asynchronous motor. Xyoo 1888, tus kws ua hluav taws xob Lavxias Dolivo Dobrovolsky tau ua ib qho peb-theem AC ib leeg squirrel cage asynchronous motor. Kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho ntawm AC motors, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev txhim kho zoo ntawm peb-theem AC motors, tau tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev xa hluav taws xob mus deb, thiab tib lub sijhawm tau txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis hluav taws xob mus rau theem tshiab.
Tesla, leej txiv ntawm alternating current
Nyob ib ncig ntawm xyoo 1880, British Ferranti tau txhim kho lub alternator thiab tau tawm tswv yim txog lub tswv yim ntawm AC high-voltage transmission. Xyoo 1882, Gordon hauv tebchaws Askiv tau tsim lub alternator loj ob-theem. Xyoo 1882, tus neeg Fabkis Gorand thiab tus neeg Askiv John Gibbs tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm "Teeb pom kev zoo thiab Fais Fab Kev Faib Tawm", thiab tau tsim thawj lub transformer nrog tus nqi siv tau zoo. Cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Tom qab ntawd, Westinghouse tau txhim kho kev tsim kho ntawm Gibbs transformer, ua rau nws yog lub transformer nrog kev ua tau zoo niaj hnub. Xyoo 1891, Blow tau ua lub transformer roj-immersed siab-voltage hauv Switzerland, thiab tom qab ntawd tau tsim lub transformer siab-voltage loj. Kev xa hluav taws xob AC ntev-voltage tau ua tiav zoo vim yog kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov transformers.
Tom qab ntau tshaj 100 xyoo ntawm kev txhim kho, txoj kev xav ntawm lub cev muaj zog nws tus kheej tau loj hlob zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, kev tshawb fawb hauv computer thiab kev tswj hwm thev naus laus zis, kev txhim kho ntawm lub cev muaj zog tau nkag mus rau theem tshiab. Ntawm lawv, kev txhim kho ntawm AC kev tswj hwm ceev lub cev muaj zog yog qhov muag pom tshaj plaws, tab sis nws tsis tau nrov thiab siv tau ntev vim nws tau ua tiav los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hloov pauv rotary, thiab kev ua haujlwm tswj hwm tsis zoo li DC kev tswj hwm ceev.
Tom qab xyoo 1970, tom qab lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob tau qhia tawm, cov teeb meem ntawm kev txo cov khoom siv, txo qhov loj me, txo tus nqi, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab tshem tawm suab nrov tau maj mam daws, thiab kev tswj hwm AC ceev tau ua tiav ib qho kev dhia mus tom ntej. Tom qab kev tsim khoom ntawm vector tswj, qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab dynamic ntawm AC ceev tswj system tau txhim kho. Tom qab txais yuav microcomputer tswj, vector tswj algorithm tau paub los ntawm software los ua kom lub voj voog kho vajtse, yog li txo tus nqi thiab txhim kho kev ntseeg tau, thiab nws kuj tseem ua tau kom paub txog cov thev naus laus zis tswj hwm nyuaj dua. Kev nce qib sai ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab microcomputer tswj technology yog lub zog tsav tsheb rau kev hloov kho tas mus li ntawm AC ceev tswj system.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li thiab kev txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis hluav taws xob, cov cav hlau nplaum tas mus li tau ua tiav zoo heev. Cov cav thiab cov tshuab hluav taws xob siv cov khoom siv hlau nplaum tas mus li NdFeB tau siv dav dav, txij li kev tsav nkoj mus rau cov twj tso kua mis ntshav plawv. Cov cav superconducting twb tau siv rau kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab kev tsav tsheb ciav hlau maglev ceev ceev thiab nkoj.
Nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab thev naus laus zis, kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv raw thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, cov cav tov tau tsim nrog kaum tawm txhiab tus ntau yam thiab cov lus qhia, cov qib fais fab ntawm ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg (los ntawm ob peb lab ntawm ib lub watt mus rau ntau dua 1000MW), thiab qhov ceev dav heev. Ntau yam (los ntawm ob peb hnub mus rau ntau pua txhiab tus revolutions ib feeb), kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig yooj yim heev (xws li hauv av tiaj tus, toj siab, huab cua, hauv qab dej, roj, thaj chaw txias, thaj chaw sov, thaj chaw ntub dej, thaj chaw qhuav, sab hauv tsev, sab nraum zoov, Tsheb, nkoj, ntau yam xov xwm, thiab lwm yam), kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm ntau yam kev lag luam ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam thiab tib neeg lub neej.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-06-1999